Power earth mover



, Feb. 25, 1947.

c. E. PATTERSON' POWER EARTH HOVER 9 Sheets-Sheei'I l Filed Aug. 2,y1940 Feb. 25, 1947. E, PATTERSON 2,416,592

' PwER EARTH Movxm v Filed Aug. 2, 1940 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 /N VEN roe CEcu. E. PATTERSON,

HTTS.

'C'. E. PATTERSON 2,416,592

POWER EARTH MOVER 4 Filed Aug. 2, 1940 9 sheets-sheet 5 Feu-2s, 1947.

Feb. 25, 1947.4 c. E. PATTERSON y 2,416,592

POWER lEARTH HOVER Fild Aug. 2, 1940 9 sheets-sheet e fly!! f wel?.

CEcu. E. BcrnavsowI Feb. 25, v1947. c. E'. PATTERSON ,2,416,592

' POWER EARTH lov Filed Aug. 2,'.1940 9 sheets-sheet 7 f l m /NVENTo/'e'y CEcn. E. PATTERSON, BYIMM- HTTY C. E. PATTERSO'N POWER EARTH HOVERFeb. 25., 1947.

Filedl Aug.- 2, 1940 9 SheeJts-Sheet 8 /NvENTo CEC". E. Bxr-rERsoN,BYLwMT/lw.

Feb. 25,` 1947. c. E. PATTERSON POWER EARTH HOVER' Filed Aug. [1940 9sheets-snee; 9

Patented-.Feb 25, 1947 POWER EARTH MOVER Cecil-E. Patterson, Mansfield,hio,assiuor to The Galion Iron Works Manufacturing Compara, acorporation of Ohio Application August 2, 1940, Serial No. 349,765

1 A My invention relates to earth movers of the type which gathers earthfrom the groundsurface and carries such gathered `material to otherplaces where it is to be unloaded and spread for filling in or buildingup purposes, and one of the objects of my invention isthe provision ofimproved and efllcient apparatus of this type.-

Another object of the invention is the provision of improved mechanismfor carrying the iront en d of an earth moving bowl on a steering wheelunitl and carrying the rear end of the earth moving bowl on a supportingunit and associating.`

with such units adjusting mechanism `to Viacilitate the operation of themachine in gathering, hauling and spreading material.

A further object of the invention is the provision of improved steering`mechanism for an earth mover, one end of which is carried by a steeringwheel unit and the other end of which is carried by a` supporting unit.s f

` Another object of the invention is the pro.- vision Aof a poweroperated unit combined-with pusher mechanism to enable a separatetractor to add its power in the operation of the machine. 1

A further object of the invention is the provisionl o1.' pushermechanism in an earth mover having a ground cutting blade to enable a'sep. arate tractor to push the machine while the cutting blade ismaking a deep cut in the ground surface.

Another object of the invention is theprovision of a selig-propelledearth mover having a ground cutting blade, combined with pushingmechanism for engagement by a separate tractor, so that after materialhas'been gathered by deep cuts with thehelp of the separate tractor theself-propelled `earth mover may be used alone for hauling and spreadingpurposes.

A further object of the inventiqn isthe pro-l vision of improved andeilicient supporting connections between the rear end of an earth movingbowl and a supporting unit including means for tilting the bowl withoutmaterially tilting the supporting unit.

Another object of the invention is the provision of improved pushingconnections betweena power traction unit and an earth moving bowl inadvance of the same.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a receiving plateback of a ground cutting blade combined with an ejector having its loweredge guided to scrape along 'such re ceivlng plate during an ejectingoperation.

Another object of the invention is the pros emma. (Cl. 37-124) vision ofan` improved and eillcient hydraulic system for earth movers includinghydraulic reciprocating motors for tilting an earth receiving bowl, forcontrolling a gate associated with la vfront opening in the bowl, andfor operating an ejector i'n the bowl.

A further object of the invention is the provision of mechanism forreinforcing the semi-cylindrical gate in an earth mover.

Another object oi the invention is the reinforcement of the plates of anejector of an earth mover.

' A further object ci the invention is the pro vision of steeringmechanism for an earth mover combined with a pneumatic motor controlledbya steering wheel to assist the operator in steering the machinebypower.` l v OtherV objects of the invention'will appear l*hereinafter, the novel features and combinations being set forth in theappended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, l Figs. 1 and 2,'placed end to end, show aside v elevation oi a power-operated earth mover embodying my invention;l

Fig. 1* is a sectional plan View taken -on th line IL-l of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2" is a sectional view taken on the line 21-2 ofFig'. 2, `lookingin the direction of the of the gate shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1;.

Fig. 8 is a rear elevational view oi. the ejector I .plate and themechanism for operating the Same,

shown in plan in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is a'sectional view taken on the line 9-9 o'f Fig. 8, looking inthe direction of the arrows;

Fig. V10 is a sectional plan view taken on either of the lines lil-l0 orFig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a sectional, elevational view oi. the tractor pushingmechanism shown in plan in Fig. 4; l

Fig. 12 is a sectional elevational view of the vsteering head andthesteering mechanism mounted therein; Fig.v 13 `is a sectional plan viewtaken on the Fig. 14 is an enlarged plan view of the bell crank shown indotted lines at the lower left-hand corner of Fig. 3:

Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken4 on the line i5 of Fig. 14, looking inthe direction of the 16 is a sectional elevation taken on the linel6--i6l of Fig. 1, lookingin the direction of the 11g. 17 represents apiping diagramior'the hydraulic apparatus'used in making the variousadjustments except that of the steering wheel' unit;

Flg.'18`represents the pneumatic motor and the. connections to thesteering wheel to enable the latter to control thepneumatic motor forthe 1 supply of power tothe steering mechanism connected to the steeringwheel unit;

Fig. 19 is a sectional plan view taken on the line |3-l9 of Fig. 18,looking downwardly inthe direction -of the arrows;

Fig. 20 is a piping diagram for the pneumatic motor shown in Fig. 18;'

Fig. V21 is an elevational view of the gearing in the transfercasingconnected through convenf tional transmission and-clutch to the'internal combustion engine of the two-wheeled tractor connected to theearth moving scraper bowl for operation and transportation thereof;

Fig. 22 is a sectional elevational. view taken vertically through thetransfer casing andthe gearing therein;

Fig. 23 is a sectional plan of a portion of the -power transmission oi'the power traction unit shown in plan in Fig. 4; and

Fig. 24 is a sideelevation similar to Figs. 1 and' 2 placed end to end,but with the connections between the power tractor and the vbowl framein the relative positions which they occupy during the transportation ofthe gathered material from place tovplace; v

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 placed end to end and Figs. 3 and'4 placedend to end, it will be seen that 25 designates the framework for thetrol from his station the clutch mechanism and.

the brake mechanism and at the operators staillustrated in Fig. 1* whichis a plan view taken on the line l-I of Fig. l. In this view the chanel39 is shown in section and a portion of the channel 40 is shown in plan.

The power traction unit 31 comprises an internal combustion engine 42,the radiator of which faces rearwardly. A steering wheel 43 is mountedadjacent the operators seat 44. At the operators station are also thevarious levers for shifting the gears in the transmission for variousspeeds ahead and rearward. The operator may also contion are also placeda plurality of valves. one for controlling each of the hydraulic motors,as hereinafter more fully explained. The bowl frame being entirely openat its top as shown in- Figs. 3 and 4 placed end to end, the operatorfrom his station `can easily observe either the filling or the emptyingof the-earth carrier and therefore operate the controls accordingly tosecure eillciency bowl or earth carrier comprising side plates 26,

26`the'upperfront corners of which. are connected by the cross-plates21. The rear ends of the side plates 26, 26 are connected by the upvright back plate 28'and rearuppercross-plate 29.

Extending entirely across the bowl framework betweenthe side plates 26,26`is a transverse scraper or cutting blade 30 secured rigidly to areinforcing plate 3l as shown in Fig. 1. Extending rearwardly from thescraper or cutting blade 30 is a receiving plate or moldboard 32. Thisreceiving plate 32 spans the space between the inner walls of the sideplates 26, 26 and extends upwardly and rearwardly lfor connection at 28'to the upright back plate 28 which is an extension of the bottom yplate34, as shown' in Figs. 1 and 2 placed endto end.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5 the receiving plate 32 inclinesrearwardly gradually into the plate 32' and thence extends upwardly tothe cross-plate 29, it being understood that the continuous platev32,32' extends between the side plates 26, 26-and is rigidly connected tothe bowl framework. Intermediate its ends the plate 32 may be secured bywelding at 35 to theupper both in gathering the material and inspreading it.

The internal combustion engine 42 is connected as shown in Figs. 2, 2land 22 to a coupling member .45.' The ,crank shaft of the engine isconnected by means of a clutch to the variable speed transmission andthe latter in turn by means of the shaft 46 is connected through a trainof gearing 41 to 'the lowermost shaft 48,

such train ofgearing being mounted in a transfer vcase 49- located inadvance of the traction wheels 36, 36. By means of universal joint 56the coupling member 45 is connected to the coupling member 5| which inturn is connected to dinerential transmission, as shown in Fig. 23.Power is supplied through th'e planetary gearing 52 to the axle 53 whichcarries the hub 54 of one of the wheels 36. Connected to the hub 54 is abrake drum 55, the interior of which is associated with brake mechanism56. Fis. 23 shows the hub and brake mechanism for o ne of the wheels 36but it should be understood that theopposite wheel 36'is also providedwith planetary gearing and brake mechanism the ysame as that shown inFig. 23.

The axle housing 51 of the power vtraction unit is preferably of steelsecured rigidly to the frame of the internal combustion engine 42.Although v the axle housing 51 may be in sections, these 4sections arerigidly bolted together. 'I he axle housing 51 being rigidly secured tothe supporting frame of the internal combustion engine, moves lbodilywiththe latter when tilted in either direction. For balancing purposes,the engine is mounted on and over the axle housing interend of the' backplate 34' which extends downwardly and forwardly to connect the sideplates 26, 26 of the bowl framework and form a rigid bottom thereforrearwardly of the 1cutting' blade 30. In both the forms shown in Figs. 1and 2 placed end to endand in the form vshown in Figs. 1 and 5 placedend to end, it is desirable that the rearward and upward inclination ofthe plate 32 b e gradual so that the bowl vat the rear end will mediatethe ends of the engine preferably with the flywheel of .the enginedirectly above the axle, and while the power traction unit would be anunstable tractor when disconnected from the bowl framework, means areprovided for stabilizing the tractor unit and even keeping the samesubstantially horizontal for the various positions of the bowl.framework relative to the ground surface,l thus adding to the comfortof the 'operator at hisstation during all operations. Rigidly connectedto the axle .housing 51 and extendingforwardly therefrom are two pairsof add asians I brackets i9, 59 as illustrated in dotted lines Fig. 2.The brackets 59 are shown in plan in F'ig. 23. Pivotally connectedtothepairaof l brackets lI8 and ad are forwardly and wardly extendinglinks 8l and 0|. As shown in Fig. 4, the pairs of brackets and. B9 arelocated in spaced-apart positions along the axle housing l1. Preferablythe pairs of bracketsv B8 and I8 are located adjacent the housings 82,vI2 forthe planetary gearings. It will thus be seen that there are twospaced-apart parallel links 00. Il

links 80 and 6| together with their branching arms may each be ofbox-like construction as illustrated at 60, 60 and 88, 88 in Fig. 8 Theforward ends of the links 80 and 8| are keyed at' 84', 84 to thetransverse shaft which is a rock shaft journaled in the bearings 80, 88and 81, 81 secured to the back of the plate 28 shown in rear elevationin Fig. 8 and in dotted line side elevation in Fig. 2.

In a similar manner the lower links 8|, 8| together with their brancharms 88, 88 are keyed to thel rock shaft 69 which is journaled in thebearings 10, 10 and .1|,` 1|. As herein after more fully explained theshafts 85 and 88- Aserve as 'v torsion shafts tov stabilize theconnections between the axle housing and the bowl frame.

Fig. 10 is"v a sectional plan view on tlieI` line I0|0 of Fig. 8 andshows a reinforcing plate 12vconnected by cap screws to the plate 28,which i cap screws also serve to mount the self-al'ining bearings 10, 1|on the plate 28. Longitudinal reinforcing plates 13 are welded at theirrear ends to the front' side of the plate 12 and may extend forwardly'tothe rear face ofthe plate 82 shown in Fig. 2. In a similar manner anadditional reinforcing plate 14 may be provided as shown in Fig. 8.

6 d eep'cut, the-'end sections-8l" will cut suitable pathways for the,tractor wheels 88, 88. This arrangement enables the tractor wheelstoavoid irregularities of the ground surface ltloliminimum the Inorderjthat, tion in Figsfl and 2placed end to end and ,in

Aplan in Figs. 3 and 4 placed endto end, fbe

steered on a relatively short radius, I have provided a, steering unit`Il at the front central portion of the bowl frame. This steering'wheelunit 8| comprises a yoke 82 to the lower ends of which is journaled asingle steering wheel 88.

yExtending upwardly from the' yoke 82 andv rigidly secured thereto is asteeringpost Il "as l' shown in Fig. 12.` Bynieans ofthe thrustbearings88, 88, tn e steering post 84 isjournaled tothe steering hea'd 81 whichcomprises a casing having la. goose neck shape as shown in Figs. 1 andyl2 and extending rearwardly and downwardly into .an open space betweenthe front upper cross-` piece sections 21,121 of the bowl frame. 'Theinner., ends of the/ cross-piece sections 21,"21 ht against the flatparallel outside surfaces 88, 88 f' and are welded thereto. It canreadily be seen by referring to Figs. 3 and 12 that the cross-piecel ysections 21, 21 extend a substantial distance ,up-"" wardly above .thebottom plate 89 at the lower end of the steering head 81.'`4 The frontupperr` side of the bowl frame may be provided with a cro -piece forco-operation with the sections 21, 21 in connecting the side plates 28,29,0f` thef bowl frame, leaving the space back of the .crossf pieceopen, as shown in Fig. 3 and leaving the space below lthe cross-pieceopen between the side-plates all the way tothe transverse cut'- tingblade 80 when the rotating gate 90 'is in its The rear ends of each ofthe'links 00, 60 and 8|, 8| may be provided with a cylindrical extension,'15 as shown in Fig. 2a, to which is keyed at 18 a bushing 11 threadedto receive the screwthreaded member 18 the ends of which are providedwith extensions 19 and 80I which are journaled in bearings Yin thebracket plates 58, 58. This provision shown in Fig.,2a for connection ofthe rear ends of the links 80 and 8| to the axle housing, increases thebearing surface by reason of the threading of the screw-threaded member18 into the screw-threaded bushing 11, and therefore a tight llt ismaintained for a great length of time between the rear ends of the links80 and 6| and the axle housing. In other words, increase in pivotalbearing surface prevents iooseness at 'the pivotal connections to thebracket plates on the axle housing notwithstanding the great manyvertical oscillations of the links uppermost position.

As shown in Figs. 12 and 13,- a sprocket 9|' is keyed to the steeringpost 84 and adapted tobe connected by the sprocket chain 92 tothe guide94, 94 which are pivoted at 95, 95 to the guide segment 93. By means ofthe set screws 96,."98

the slack inthe sprocket chain 92 may bey lad-` t justedand the setscrews locked in adjusted position by means of the nuts 91, 91.4 Theguide segment 93 is splined to a shaft 98 which is journaled at its endsto the plates'99,`99

by means of the thrust bearings |00, |00.

f Splined to the shaft 98 is'a rearwardly extendl.- ,c ing arm |0| towhich'is secured a depending ball .t v|02 adapted to be connected to thedrag link l.

I i0 which extends transversely through anop'ening il in the plate 88.Both of the platesf88 .are

provided with openings I so that the drag I|0 vmay extend in eitherdirection. while the.

corresponding cross-piece section 21, acts al hood to prote'ct theenclosed portion of the steer-f V ing'mechanism. The drag link ||0 maybe ad? `at 3 to the bell crank H4 which is pivotedxat ||5 to a bracketH6 bolted to the plate 2'|asy shown in- Fig. 14. Fig.. 15 is a sectionalelevation taken 0n theline |,5-i5 of Fig. 14, looking in the directionof the arrows. The arm III' of the bell crank I4 is provided with a balll I8' for con-- ection at H8 'to the drag link 4H0.'V 'I he other armIII" of the bell crank llll extends through the' earth mover in ward-end `of the drag link |1821-A I As shown in Fig; 1, the drag -anopening ||1 for connection at v||8 to the forlink lll-1| extends@rearwardly andl downwardly for. ball and socket'y joint connection atfAto the' crank|2| which is pivoted at plate 26. The bell crank |2|fi`smounted on` a bracket |23- as shown in Figs. -1and.16Fig. `16' Y being asection Vtaken online |6|6 of Fig.- 1,

looking in the direction of the arrows.` As vshown in Fig. 16, thelowerend of the arm |2|'y carriesi |22 to'the outer .side of the J aball |20'. The other arm I2 l of the bell 'crank |2| is 'connectedbyaball andsocket joint |24 y |21-can be actuated.v Consequentlybefore theoperator transmits movement tothe bell "crank to the front/end of thedrag link |25, the rear end' of which-is connected by means of theballand socket :joint at |26 to the `bell crank |21 shown in Fig. 18. Itshould be .understood thateach of.- the drag links ||9 and |25 may beadjustedv in lengthand held atadiusted length, as explained inconnection with the drag link ||0. i

-As shown in Figs. 3 and 4 placed end toy end,` thesteering mechanismfor the steering wheel unit 8| is extendedalong the left-hand side ofthe bowl frame because the steering wheel 43 is located at the left-handside of the tractor unit.

As shown in Figs. 18 and 19, the steeringpost |28 of themanualsteeringwheel 43 vhas secured to its lower end portion al worin|29 which meshes with a worm segment |30, the latter being keyed to thehorizontal shaft |3|. Mounted loosely on the shaft |3| is the bell crank|21 which'i'sconnected at l|26 to the drag 'link |25.

It will thus lbe seen that by manually turning the wheel 43, themechanical connectionsbetween the latter and the steering wheel'unit atthe front end of thev earth mover, may be relied on to manually ste'erthe machine while `it is being propelled by the power tractionnnit 31.

In order to assist the operator in steering the machine, I have provideda pneumatic motor |32 comprising a cylinder |33 in which is mounted apiston 3'4 ihaving a tubularpistonrod |35 sepin |51 to thebell at |56`must be taken up before the "bell crank |21, the rod |50 will beactuated to' operate the Vvalve mechanism |44 to start the pneumatic mostor |32 to boost thesteering efforts of the operaiv tor. clockwisedirection ,asl viewed in Fig. 18, the rod 50 will be moved down, therebyopening the valve |44 to permit compressedair to ow through the If theoperator moves the lever |60 in a pipe |46 beneath the piston |34', Thepiston will thus be forced upwardly to assist the operator to move thebell crank |21 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 18. If theoperator desires to move the bell crank |21 in an anti-clockwisedirection as viewed .in Fig. 18, the rod |50 will be moved up, and suchupward movement, as may be seen by referring to Fig. 20, will open theupper valve |44 to .permit air pressure-to flow through .y

v'the pipe |45 to the upper side of the piston |34.

The piston will therefore be moved down to aid the operator in movingthe'bell crank |21 in an shaft |3| is rotated clockwise, thepivot |53will move up and the hub |53 will move down causcured tothe upper sidethereof to permit pivotying at |36 to the upper "side of the piston |34of a connecting rod |31 the upperend of which is pivoted. at |38 to thebell crank |21.` The pneumatic motor |32 is double acting and socontrolled as to assist the operator in moving the bell crank |21either` in onedirection or the other.

'Mounted on the .engine frame of the powerl traction unit 31 is an aircompressor |33for connection to and operation by .the engine. Thetake-off connection from the engine may b e made through the coupling|39'. The location may be as indicated in Fig. 2. The air compressor |38is connected by means of a pipe |40 to the compressed air tank |4|carried by the engine frame. 'Ihe tank |4| is connected by the pipe |42to the air supply chamber |43 for the valve mechanism |44.

The valve mechanism is mounted at one wside` original position. Forinstance, if the back thrust by reason of the steering wheel striking anob-v the arm being held stationary by the worm.

of the pneumatic motor. |32, as shown in Fig. 20. Pipes |45 and |46leadto the upper and lower ends ofthe motor cylinder |33 respectively. Arocking valve actuating device |41 is pivoted at |48 to a bracket .|49.A connecting rod |50 is pivoted at its lower end at |5| to therockingvalve yactuating device |41. The upper end of the rod` |50 lis connectedto a circular strap |52 which is journaled on the bearing |53, as shownin Fig. 19.

The"`bellncrank5|21 is journaled 'by means of the bushing' |54 on theshaft |3| but is not keyed thereto. The bell crank 21 is provided with ahub |55 which is surrounded by lthe hub |53 anti-clockwisey direction,It can'readily be seenby` referring to Figs. 18'and 19 that whenthe ingthe connecting rod |50 to move down. -When the shaft |3| is movedanti-clockwise, the pivot the connecting rod |50.

Inasmuch as the machine'is adapted to travel over rough or irregularground surfaces, the front' wheel may be forced to one side or the otherand when this occurs the .pneumatic motor |32 and the valve operatingmechanism automatically cushions the back thrust produced by thetwisting action on the steering wheel unit and moreover the valvemechanism is automatically opelated` so as to cause the pneumatic motor|32 to tend to move the steering wheel back to its struction, is suchthat the bell crank |21 is moved clockwise as viewed in Fig. 18, thebell crank |21 will lift the pin |51 on the pin |59 as a fulcrum,

gearing andV the operator grasping the steering wheel 43. The lifting ofthe pin |51 will lift the hub |53 and therefore the connecting rod |50-Will be lifted to effect opening of the upper valve' |44 to let airinto the top'of the cylinder |33- which effects a downward movement ofthe piston |34. Such downward movement of the 'piston |34 moves theconnecting rod |31 downwardlyand it will therefore be seen that the bellcrank |21 will be moved counterclockwise as viewed in Fig. 18. Thereforewhenever a back thrust is exerted on the bell crank |21 bythe steeringwheel striking an obstruction, the pneumatic moftorwill be automaticallycontrolled to move the bell crank lever |21 against such backwardthrust.

In other words,y when the 'front Asteeringwheel butI tielatter isspacedtherefrom' as indicated .at fj" The-,hub |53 is pivoted by means of theDivot crank |21. In other words, the` .4ever m is pivcted at |51 to thebeu crank |21 and isf'provided-with a' hub |153 which ls spaced Aat 56from the hub |55, the hub |53 having :lour- -`'-naled thereonthecircular ,strap |52. The lever |58 'is pivoted 'at |59Ito the lever |60'which is" -keyed at |6| to the shaft l 3 I. It-will thus be seen 'l.that when the operator rotates'the shaft |3| by means of thelsteering-'wheel43, the lost motion strikes an obstruction moving it outof its proper position, the back thrust will operate the valve mechanismin such a. way as to not only cushion the twisting'of the front wheelunit, but to also move it back to its original position. It will thus beseen that under the various circumstances of steering operations, thepneumatic motor assists the operator lnsteering the machine and keepingit along its desired course of travel.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 8, thet ejector plate 33 is pivoted at |63, |63to the upper ends of the piston rods |64, |64 which are connected topistons in the cylinders |65, |65, the lower ends of which are pivotedat |66, |66 to brackets secured to the plate 28. Each of the hydraulicmotors |65, |65 is a double acting hydraulic motor so that the edges ofthe plates 2s in advance or they blade ejector plate 33 may be movedforwardly in the' bowl frame or rearwardly to its position shown in Fig.2.

The ejector plate 33 is connected by a pair of links |61, |61 as shownin Fig. 8 to the brackets |68, |68. The lower ends of -the links |61 arepivoted to the brackets |68, while the upper ends are pivoted' at |69,|69 to the upper back portion of the ejector plate 33. The relativerelation between the pivots |63 and |69 is shown in dotted lines in sideelevation in Fig. 2. It should be particularly noted that the links |64,|65 and |61 project upwardly and that therefore when the ejector plateis actuated by the hydraulic motors |65, the plate 33 and whatevermaterial may be clinging thereto will move downwardly and forwardly bygravity, with the lower edge of the ejector plate scraping along theinclined surface of the receiving plate or moldboard 32. Inasmuch as themotors |65 are double acting they may be reversed rapidly by means ofcontrolling valves so as to give the plate 33 a shaking or vibratoryaction to dislodge material that may be sticking thereto.

The gate 90 is provided with spaced-apart parallel side plates eachclosely adjacent to inner walls of the side plates 26, as shown in Fig.3. 'Ihe upper edge |1| of each of the side plates |10 may be straightand approximately radial but the` rear edge is circular, as indicated at|12 in Fig. l.

The lower forward edges of the gate 90 are con- 'nected to a'transversecurved plate having the shape of a segment of a cylinder shown in dottedlines in Fig. l and in full lines in Fig. 7.

'Ihe gate side plates |10 are pivotaily connected by means ofself-aiming bearings |13, |13 to the 'side plates 26, as shown in Fig.la. Stub shafts |14 are connected to arms |15, the outer ends of whichare pivotally connected at |16 to the piston rods |11 of the hydraulicmotors |18. The

rearcnds of the hydraulic motors |18 are each The stub shaft |14 has acircular plate 90' atl one end as shown in Fig. 1 and such circularplate is secured to the gate 90 by meansv of the screws 90". The arm |15is retained on the shaft |14 by means of the plate |15 and the screwsThe self-alining bearing comprises two seats Aone welded to the gate 90and the other secured to the Plate 26 and the reinforcing plate 26. Aring thrust bearing |13 is also included.

As the machinemoves forward for the gather-V ing of a load by means ofthe cutting blade 30, the latter is in a relatively ilat position tomakev a deep cut in the ground surface, and thelower may be forced intothe ground surface by the action of the blade as it wedges into theground. That this can readily be done may be understood from the factthat the bowl frame is entirely open in advance of the cutting blade andat such time the gate 90 is in an upper position.` As the moldboard 32fills up with gathered material, the

weight of such material is added to other weight on the traction wheels,thus increasing traction of the power traction unit 31.

As the rear portion of the bowl illls .with material, the gate 90 isgradually-moved down by the operator at his station operating the valvecontrol levers illustrated diagrammatically in Figs. 4 and 17. By reasonof the arcuate contour at |12 at the rear edges of the side plates |10of the 'gatel the necessary` power to move the gate into and under thematerial being collected, is re- ,duced. Such power may be still furtherreduced by placing the edge 244 ahead of the edge 245 as shown in Fig.'1 so that the edge 245 will serve as a single cutting edge. In fact,the rear scooping edge of the gate 90 wedges into the material beingcollected with little obstruction, compared with l side plates of a gatehaving rear radial edges.

' IIn order to enable a separate tractor to push irons welded togetherat meeting edges. Between tom plates |88, |89 secured to thecross-pieces |85, |86. A sleeve bearing and spacer may engage the topplate |88 but is not secured thereto. The upper end of the vlbearing |96is .provided with a circular flange to provide a lower annular shoulderfor engagement bythe cup4 Into the cup l9| is screw-threaded a tube |9|.I9-2.'the upper end of which is welded to a plate |93. A short tube |94is provided with a circular flange at its lower end having a shoulderengaging the lower edge of an opening in the plate |93. A spring |92 islocated between the members |90 and |94.V 'Ihe spring holding ltube |95extends through an opening 'in the plate |96 which is carried by thebracket |91, the latter being bolted at |98 to the frame |99 which isrigidly securedv to the side ofthe supporting frame of the internalcombustion' engine of the power traction unit 31. It should Ibeunderstood that both the plates |93 and |96 are secured rigidly to thesuspension bracket |91. When the parts are assembled, as shown in Fig.1l, the nut 200 may be relied on to hold them in proper relation.

The push frame |8| isrsuspended from the frame of the engine on thespring |92. The'push frame |8| is also pivoted at |82 to the axlehousing bracket |83. The plates |93, |96, the tube |95 and the cup |9|being rigid with the bracket |91, will'remain in fixed relation to the`body of the internal combustion engine or the frame which visrigidlyattached thereto. When the push frame |8| moves down on its pivot|02, the bolt |81 will move the bearing member |94 downwardly but alsoupwardly. When the spring is compressed by downward movement of theframe |8.| the lower end of the tube |94 compresses the spring |92, andwhen the frame moves upwardly from its position shown in Fig. 11, thetube |90 is engaged by the plate |88, and the'spring |92 is compressedby the upper end of the tube |90.

/ Connected to the rear end of the pusher frame |8| by means of theupwardly and rearwardly inclined bracket bars 20|, 20| is a bumper plate202 having the contour shown in Fig. 4. -Welded to the lower centralportion of the bumper plate 202 is a 'cylinder 203 as shown in Fig. 11.

To the left-hand end of the cylinder 203 is welded a limit stop 204which has a square opening therethrough to receive the guide block 205which is square in cross section and has an opening therethrough forreceiving the rod 206. The

rod 206 is keyed at201 to the guide block 205.

By means of a nut 208 av collar' 209 is clamped to the forward end ofthe rod 206.

Within the cylinder 203 is a spring 2|0 which at Aits forward endengages the guide block 205 f and atits rear end engages the guide block2| The guide block 2|| has a cylindrical opening therethrough for therod 206 but the exterior of the guide block 201 is square'and fitsthrough a corresponding opening in the stop 2|2. The stop 2|2 may beconnected 'by meansof the screws 2 I3 to the right-hand end of thecylinder 203 as viewed inl Fig. l1. Those portions of the guide blocks205 and 2| which project into the cylinder 203 are provided with annularflanges 2|4 and 2|5 in position to engage the shoulders on the stops 204and 2| The right-hand end of the rod 206 as viewed in Fig. 11 isscrew-threaded at 2 I6 into thecoupling member 2|1 and the latter ispinned at 2|8 to the right-hand end 5f the vrod 206.

A push plate 2|9 is provided with coupling- :members 220 having openingstherein which register with openings in the coupling member 2|1. Theregisteringr openings receivel the coupling pin 22|: While-the plaie 2|9may oscillate on the Vertical axis of the pin 22|, it is desirable thatit shall-not rotate on the axis of the rod 206. When a separate tractorwith its push plate engages the push plate 2|9 of Fig. l1, theconnectionto the push frame |8| is yielding by reason of the spring 2|0..Th'ij guide block 2|| is movable toward the left to compress the spring2|0. When the Y pin 22| is removed and the push plate 2|9 is detached, apulling' chain or cable may be inserted in the horizontal opening in thecoupling memi 'ber 2|1 and the pin 22| reinserted so that the chain orcable to the coupling member 2|1, it may be reeved about the end spoolmembers 222 (Fig. 11) and 223 (Fig' 2) -which are mounted on the ends ofa pipe 224 which is rigidly secured tothe plates 225, 226 welded to theforward ends 12 oi'- the rearwardly converging frame members of vthepush frame |8|. It should be understood that the ends of the pipe 224are closed by the discs 222 and 223 but these dis'cs are spaced from thedepending plates 225, 226 'so as to form the spool members for thehitching of the towing ,f

chain or cable thereto.

Reverting to the mechanism for operating the ejector plate 33, as shownin Figs.-2 and`8, it will be seen that a pair of pushing devices 221,221 is mounted at the bottom of the L-shaped crosspiece 238' which isrigidly connectedat its ends Y to the side plates 26, 26. As shown inFig. 9, each pushing device 221 comprisesea cylinder 228 Within which ismounted a spring 229 bel, tween the inner end of the cylinder 228 andthe head 230 carried by the rod 23|. The latter is 'screw-threaded atits right-hand end as viewed in Fig. 9 to receive the nut 232. The nutengages the outer ,side of the bottom plate 233 of the cylinder 228 soas to limit the extent of outward movement of the head 230. When theejector plate is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the heads 1 230 areheld in the cylinders 229, and the springs y229 are then undercompression. When the hy. draulic motors |65 are operated to eiectmovement of the ejector 33 forwardly, the pushing devices 221, 221 arerelied on to start the upper portion ofthe plate 33 toward the left sothat gravity can act more readily to cause descent of the ejector 33.The pushing devices 221 are desirable for this purpose because the arms|61, |61 are inclined toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2 only at asmall angle, the ejector pla'te 33 bethe bowl frame. f

After the bowl 'has been filled with gathered material the gate 90 ismoved to its-closed position shown in Fig. 1, after which the motors 234,are expanded to tilt the .bowl to the position shown in Fig. 24. Whenthe material is to be unloaded the gate 90 is gradually opened and thematerial empties from the bowl by gravity. The bottom 32 hasa steepincline-as shown in Fig. 24 and consequently nearly al1 ofthe materialin the bowl is removed by gravity, particularly if it is dry andgranular but if it is moist or damp it tends to remain in the rearportion of the bowl above the inclined bottom plate 32. It is thereforeimportant in order to maintain the full capacity of the earth mover topositively remove the entire load of material from the y bowl beforegoing for another load.

When the ejector plate 33 is in its rearmost position, as shown in Fig.2, upward forces are exerted at the pivot points |63 on the back of theejector by maintaining upward pressures on the pistons in the motors|65.4 These upward forces tend to swing the points |69 toward the 50right, as viewed in Fig. 2, and the links |61 hold the ejector plate 33in a predetermined position with its upper end against the cross-plate238' and its lower end against thegupper portion of the plate 32 therebyholding thepushing or start- 65 ing devices 221 compressed.

When the ejector plate is to be operated the motors |65 are contractedto exertdownward forces on the pivot points |63 at the back of theejector plate. The starting devices 221 are then free to act ,to startthe ejector on its downward ing located as near as possible to the4 rearend of lines in Fig. 7.

atrasos tively pulling the ejector down while the links |61.,con 1pelthe ejector tomove away from thevv back of the bowl towardy the bottomopening therein. In this action the motors lean over to- 1 ward the leftas viewed in Fig. 2 but the pivots v |63 and |69 vary only slightly froma dead center plane andl therefore by expansion of the ino-- tors |65the ejector may readily be restored-to its initial positionv shown inFig. 2.

To secure the desired operation of the ejector both in moving it towardthe bottom opening in the bowl and in restoring the ejector plate to itsinitial position, one pivot |69 is arranged closer to the back oftheejector plate than'the other I Fig. 24, two extensible hydraulicmotors 234, 234y are pivotally connected at their lower ends at 236 tothel upper spaced-apart links 60, 60. The motors 234, 234 beingreciprocating hydraulic motors each has a piston rod 236 pivctallyconnected at its upper end at 231 to a rear crosspiece at the upper'rearend of the bowl frame. 1n Fig. 8 the cross-piece 233 at'the upper rearend of the bowl frame supports within the same the bearings 231, 231for' the upper ends of the piston rods 236, 236. vAmple space isprovided for the rods 236 to change their inclinations relative to thebowl frame, as may be seen by comparing Figs. 2. and 4.

It sh'ould be particularly noted that the hydraulic motors 234 arepivoted at their lower ends at 235, 235 on the spaced-apart links 60, 66and are not connected to any part ofthe power plant or supportingframework of the engine or casings containing the transmission gearingfor the engine. Likewise the parallel links 66, 60 and the parallellinks 6|, 6| are connected to the axle housing but not to any part ofthe engine supporting frame or any of the casings carried thereby. Thisarrangement prevents any of the stresses and strains due to theoperation of thel spacers are V-shaped in cross-section with the edgescontacting with the opposed faces of the plates 239 and 240 weldedtosuch faces. The

ends of theplates 233 and 240 may be welded together at 242 and 243.

, The gate 30 may have end plates 244, 245vcon nected by the spacers246, 246.each of which is V-shaped in cross-section, with those edgescontacting with the opposing faces of the plates 244 and 245 weldedthereto. yAdditional at strips 241, 248 may be welded to the opposingfaces of the plates 244]:and 245 as indicated in dotted The bottom ofthe gate 96 may be composed oi spaced-apart plates l249 and 250 eachhaving the shape of a segment of a cylinder. These Aplates are separatedby the v-shaped spacers'25i,

25| with the edges contacting with the'opposing faces of the plates 249and 250 welded thereto.

, Where-the plate ends meet continuous welding may be performed at 2 52and 263. The V-shaped spacers 24|, 246 `and 25| may be tack-welded alongthe edge ends and spot welded along'the aplces. .A

Flg.,`1'14 is a piping diagram for the control of the operation of thevarious hydraulic reciprocating motors. The pump 254* front end of thecrank shaft lie engine iii-j the position .shown in Figs. 2 and, Asuctioxpipe 255 is connected between the pump 254 and the supply Vtank256 located adjacent the operators station." A return pipe 251v connectsthe manifqld'fcontrol valve 256. to the tank 256. A supply relief valve260 is located between the supply pipe` 259 and the return pipe.251 andis adapted to be opened in the direction of the arrow 264 when apredetermined maximum pressure is reached.

When the deepest cuts are made it is preferred I to use the intermediatesection 30 of the cutting blade projecting forwardly as shown in Fig. 3so that the transverse length of the cut will be reduced, therebyreducing the necessary power to push the machine forwardly. As statedabove, the additional tractor is employed either alone or with theassistance of the power traction unit 31 to operate the machine duringthey gathering of material by Icutting the ground 'surfacewiththecutting blade 30. If the cutting vblade meets with particularly hardmaterial which renders it diflicult for even the additional tractor tooperate the cutting blade because the full length of the blade engagessuch hard material, the additional tractor may engage the push plate 2|9at an angl'e so as to swerve the euttingblade 30 out of its previouspath of travel by angling the blade, thus breaking the cut. I

The pushing frame remains substantially horizontal throughout all theoperations. That is to say, when the bowl frame is in its lowermostposition for the cutting blade to dig intothe ground, the pushing frame|8| is substantially horizontal and acts in almost a direct linewith thelower pair of parallel links 6|, 6| to securemaximum forward pushingeffect- Of course,`there is also a pushing' effect through the upperpair of parallel links 60, 60 because the pushing frame is connected tothe axle housing and the latter is connected to not only the lower pairof parallel links 6|, 6| but also to the upper pair of parallel linksv6|), 60. ADuring the forward gathering operations by operation of thelcuttingblade, the motors 234'a-.re locked in adjusted positions beingdouble acting motors provided with valve mechaism at 26| to lock thepistons therein against movement in either direction. Irrespective ofthe depth of cut, thepushing frame 18|' remains subi stantiallyhorizontal and the connections between and downwardly so as toeffectively hold the cut- 59 leads from the pump 254 to the manifold conrol valve 258. By means of the valve control ting blade to its work.That the push frame l8l remains substantially horizontal can readily be,3 seen by comparing Figs. 2 and 24v because in the latter view evenwhen the bowl frame is moved' to its transporting position,.the pushframe I8I still remains substantially horizontal.

The earth mover shown in the accompanying drawings being self-propelled,can be used-without an extra pushing tractor for light scraping orgathering work and whenever the filled bowl is to be transported thepower traction unit 31 alone will be found suiclent. The power tractionunit may move the machine forwardly at eight different speeds andrearwardly at two different speeds and therefore the spreadingoperations may be performed by moving the machine forwardly orrearwardly. When moved forwardly `the adjusted height of the rear end ofthe bowl frame will enable the cutting blade 30 to'act as a strike-offblade to regulate the depth of the spread material, and when the machineis moved rearwardly the lower edge of the gate 90 may be `adjusted tovarious elevations to act as a strike- `oil? device to regulate thedepth of the spread material `spreading operations thev single steeringwheel During gathering operations or may move into such a depressionas'to turn vthe steering wheel too far in one direction' or the other,thus tending to block forward movement yof the machine, and in thatevent the rear end `of the bowl frame may be pulled down to'the groundsurface by means of the motor 234 to such an extent as to lift thesteering wheel out of the hole so that the operator may regain steeringcontrol thereof. v

A single steering wheelis highly desirable not only to reduce the numberof tires to three in the machine, but also to enable the machine to turnon a short radius and this is particularly desir- Obviously thoseskilled in the art may make lvarious changes in the details andarrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope oftheinvention as defined by the claims `hereto appended. and I thereforewish not to be restricted to the precise' construction-herein disclosed.

Having thus .described and shown an embodilment of my invention, what Idesire t secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. An earth mover comprising the combination with a steering wheel unit,of a scraper bowl having its front end supportedon said steeringl lwheelunit. mechanism for supporting the rear end ofsaid scraper bowl fortilting adjustment of the bowl on the transverse axis of said steeringwheel unit, steering mechanism mounted on `said bowl and connected to4said steering wheel unit. and means on said supporting mechanismconnected 'to said steering mechanism to operate the latter in thevarious tilted adjustments of Said bowl.'

2.1An earth mover comprising the combinationwith a' bowl frame, of asteering unit at oneend of said bowl frame, a supporting unit connectedto the other end of said bowl frame,

means between said supporting unit and said bowl frame to tilt thelatter on the steering unit as a pivot, an intermediate lever pivoted tosaid bowl frame 'to rock relatively thereto, a drag link extending fromsaid lever toward that endfofthe bowl frame where the steering unit islocated, an

'additional drag linkextending fromsaid lever i toward the other end ofsaid bowl frame, means connecting the rst-named drag link to saidsteering unit, steering operating means on said supporting unit, andmeans connecting said steering operating means to said additional draglink, said steering'operating means being adapt.-

ed to act through said drag links and intermediate lever to effectoperation of said steering wheel unit irrespective of the elevationofthe rear end of saidv bowl frame relative to said supporting unit.

3. An earth mover comprising the combination with ya carrier, of aysteeringl unit connected to the front end thereof, a supporting unit,two

pairs of spaced links each pair pivoted at theirrear ends to saidsupporting unit and each pair pivoted at their forward ends to the lowerrear portion of said carrier, the spacing of the pivots of each pair oflinks being greater at their rear ends than at their forward ends, andmeans connected between some of said links and the .upper rear endportion of said carrier to effect adjustment'in elevation of saidcarrier and the upright swinging of said pairs of links on their pivots,and vmeans for operating said steering unit.

- 4. An earth mover comprising the combination with an earth scoop andcarrier, of a power trac- Y tion unit, means for supporting said carrierin` advance of said power traction unit, said supporting meanscomprising a plurality of links extending aownward1y'and`forward1y fromthe lower portion of said power traction unit to the '40 rear lowerportion of said carrier, and a pusher frame pivoted at its front end tovthe lower portion o f said powerv traction unitand suspendedintermediate its ends 'from said power traction unit, said pusher frame'being adapted to be engagedby a separate tractor while the downwardlyextending links serve to hold the scoop and i carrier to their work.

5.- An earth mover comprising the combination. with a cutting blade., ofan earth receiving plate' extending upwardly and rearwardly from .saidcutting blade. a curved ejector plate havinga lower edge movable alongsaid receiving plate.'

a bowl frame having an open front; a plurality of links connecting the.inside back of the bowl frame to said ejector plate to confine movementof the latter forwardly and'downwardly to maintain the lower edge of theejector plate in scrap-v ing relation to said receiving plate, .fluidpressure motor mechanism connected as link mechanism between the insideback ofthe bowl frame and said ejector plate, and means forcontrollingsaid duid pressure motor mechanism to'eifect operation ofsaid ejector plate to move toward said .opening material gathered bysaid cutting blade onto said receiving plate.

6. As an article of manufacture an elector for` an earth mover,comprising spaced curved plates connected by spaced reinforcements toprovide for meeting ends ejector.

7. An earth mover comprising the combination with a bowl, of a steeringunit at one end of said to form a scraping edge for 'the bowl, meansconnecting said bowl andsteering unita/nd providing for tilting movementof said bowl on a transverse axis. a supporting unit conwas nected tothe other end ofthe bowl, meansbe tween the supporting unit and the bowlfor tilt-A 5, ing the latter on said transverse axis. anl intermediate,steer lever pivoted to one `side lof the bowl to lroel: relativelythereto.4 a drag link extendingfrom said lever toward that end of thebowl where the steering unit is located, anadditional drag linkextending from said lever toward the other end of said bowl. meansconnecting the mst-named am um; tosaid steering-unit, steering operatingmeans on said supporting unit, and means connecting said steeringoperating means to saidadditional'drag link, the construction andarrangement being such that said lsteering unit may be operated from said supporting unit irrespective of the various positions to which saidbowl may be tilted. l Y

8. An earth mover comprising the combination withan earth carrier, of .asingle steering wheel, a yoke connected to said steering wheel, asteering post extending upwardly from said yoke,

' a sprocket connected to said post to rotate there,- with, a headsecured to said earth carrier, means for journaling said post to'said head,a rock shaft journaled in saidhead lparallel to. s aid post, asprocket 'chain meshing `with said'sprocket, a guiding segment securedto said rock shaft, mechanism for securing said sprocket chain to saidguiding segment, a steering arm secured to said rock shaft, andmechanism mounted on said earth carrier and connected to said steeringarm to swingthe latter-and thereby effect steering oiI said earthcarrier` by means of said singlev steering wheel.

9. An earth mover comprising the combination 'i with a'carrier, ofsteeringmechanism therefor, a

supporting connection between said carrier and said steering mechanism,asupporting unit, a. pair of lower parallel links connecting saidsupporting unit to said carrier, a torsion shaft con-- necting saidlower parallel a pair oi upper rier, a plurality of links connectingsaid housing 'parallel linksconnecting said supporting unit to 4 saidcarrier, an additional torsion' shalt connecting said upper parallellinks, -and a pair of extensible `iluid pressure motors connecting saidupper links to said 'carrier for adjustment ofelevation of the latter.l0. An 'earth mover comprising the combinato the lower rear portion ofsaid carrier, a pair ci extensible hydraulic` motors connecting theulper links, to the upper rear portion'oi` saidcarrier, and means forcontrolling said motors to adjust ,the 4 elevation of said carrier, thesaidmotors co-operating with said links and their connectionsbetweensaid power traction unit and said carrier to prevent substantialtilting of said power traction unit and thereby maintain substantiallyhorizontal the pusher frame for various adiusted elevations of saidcarrier.

12. An earth mover comprising the combination with a scraper bowl, of asteering wheel unit `for carrying the front end of the bowl, a powertraction unit, means connected between the power traction unit and therear end of the bowl for adjusting the elevation of such rear end andsupporting the same at adJusted elevation, said bowl being tiltable onthe horizontal axis of the steering unit and occupying the space betweenthe front end of said tractor unit and said steering wheel unit, andmeans extending from a station on the power traction unit to saidsteering wheel unit for operating the latter fromA such stationirrespective of the elevation -of the rear vend of thebowl relativetosaid power traction unit. 'l

-13. An vearth mover comprising lthe combination with a scraper bowl, ofa steering wheely unit having horizontal and vertical axes, mechanismfor carrying the frontend of said bowlon said steering wheel unit fortilting movements. relative to the latter-on said lhorizontal axis, the

.steering unit itself being swingable on said vertical axis, a powertraction unit, adjustable 'mechanism for carrying the -rea end of saidbowl on the front end of saidpower traction unit and'for effecting suchtilting movements as those aforesaid, and. mechanism supported in parton said bowl and extending from astation on the power traction unitalong said bowl to said steering wheel unit for swinging of the latteron said vertical axis from said station.

14. An earth mover comprising the combina-V tion witha scraper bowl, ofla steering wheel unit ior'supporting the front end of said scraper bowltion with a two wheel power traction unit tilt- A able onfthe axisof.the supporting wheels and comprising an axle housing, Iof a pusherframe connected to fsaid power traction unit including a pivotalconnection to said axle housing to support said pusher frame inhorizontal position for. engagement by a separate pushing tractor, anearth carrier, front support means for said carto the lower rearportionfof said carrier, and a plurality'of extensible hydraulic motorsconnected between some of said' links and the upper rear v portion ofsaid carrier to adjust the elevation of thelatter, said motors servingas links and serving to co-operate with the aforesaid plurality of linksand their connections between the axle housing and said carrier tomaintain said pusher 4frame in substantially horizontal position for thevarious elevated positions of the carrier.

11. An earth mover comprising the combination with a two wheel powertraction unit, of a pusher frame connected thereto to occupy a hoi'-izontal position, front support means for said carrier, an earthcarrier, a pair of upper parallel links connecting said power tractionunit to the lower rear portion of said carrier, a pair of lower parallellinks connecting said power traction unit for tilting adjustment of thelatter on a horizon-- tal axis, an unstabletractor, pushing connectionscomprising a plurality of links betweensaid tractor and the rear end ofsaid bowl, vsupporting means between the tractor -and said bowl andconnected to both for tilting the bowl on said horizontal axis,- -andmeans for operating saidu motor mechanism between said earth carrier andsaid link mechanism for adjusting the tilting of said earth. carrier onsaid horizontal axis rela tive to the ground surface. j

16. An earth mover comprising the combinavtion with an earth carrier, ofa steering unit therefor, mechanism connecting the front end of saidcarrier on said steering unit to affordtilty ing of the carrier on ahorizontal axis, a wheeled supporting unit, link mechanism connectingsaid supportingunit to said carrier, and fluid pressure motor meansmounted on a portion of said linkmechanism and connected to said carrierior uiting .adjustment of said cameron said n'on-` e zontal axis.. l v

17. -An earth mover comprising the combination with a bowl framehaving aforward bottom openf ing y therein,;1 a :moldb'oard plate extending .up-

` wardly and rearwardly from the rear edge of said opening, an ejectorlplate extending upwardly from therear end portion of said moldboardplate,

mechanism comprising spaced-apart parallel links for connecting saidejector plate to the rear end of said bowl frame for movement'towardsaid opening 'by gravity `while Ithe lowermost edgel of said ejectorplate scrapes downwardly and forwardly along said moldboard plate, andmeans comprising'iluid-pressure motor mechanismpivotallyconnec'tedbetween the rear end of said bowl frame and the backof said ejector to pull downwardly on thelatter to assist the aforesaidgravity action in forcing material out of the rear portion of said bowlframe, the construction and arrangement 'being such that lwhen saidfluidpressure motor mechanism is contracted the elector plate is pulleddown for forward movement toward said opening as controlled bysaidparallel links and when said motor mechanism is expanded-the ejectorplate will be restored to initial position at the back of the bowlframe.

18. As an article of manufacture, a gate adapted to'be pivotally mountedinan earthmover and comprising a curved bottom having a thin diggingedge, end plates connected to the ends of said bottom, each" of said endplates having semi-circular edges leading from `said digging edge towardsaid bottom" and thence upwardly tending upwardly vtherefromg a headsecured'to said earth carrienme'ans for 'journaling' said post insaidhead; arock shaftjournaled in'said head paralleljto said post, a'guidingsegment secured to'said rock shaft, drivingA mechanism comprising aflexible draft element'securedjo said guiding segment and" connecteditosaid post, a steering armsecured to said rock shaft, Aand mechanismmounted on said earth' carrier and connected to said steering `arm toswing the latter and thereby eiect steering of said earth carrier bymeans of said steering wheerunit.H

20. An earth mover'comprising the combination with a steering wheelunit,-of a scraper bowl, a supporting unit, means for supporting thefront end 'of said scraper bowl on said steering wheel unit, meansforsupporting the rear end of said scraper bowl onfsaid supporting unit,said scraper bowl being mounted between said steering wheel unit andvsaid supporting' unit' for tiltingfadjustment relativeto the supportingunit, steering mechanism mounted on said bowl and connected to saidsteering wheel unit, and means on said supporting vunit .connected tosaid steering mechanism to operate the latterin'the various tiltedadjustments of the bowl;

21. An earth mover comprising the combination with an earth carrier, ofa steering wheel unit,` a steering head secured rigidly to said earthcarrier, mechanism carried by said head for actuating said steeringwheel unit, a supporting unit f rearwardly of said earth carrier,supporting conf nections'between the rear end of said earth car- A rierand the front end of said supporting unit for carrying the rear end oflsaid earth carrier at adjusted elevations, and means extendinglaterally along the front and thence along one side of the earth carrierto said supporting unit for operating said actuating mechanism from-astation onsaid supporting unit irrespective of the position to which therear end of the earth carrier is adjusted relative to said supportingunit.

22. An earth moverl comprising the combina- `tion with an earth carriercomprising a bowl frame, of a steering wheel unit, mechanism forsupporting the lfront end of said earth carrier on said steering wheelunit, a supporting unit at the rear of said bowl frame, means forsupporting on said last-named unit the rear end of said bowl frame fortilting adjustment of the latter on the transverse axis of said steeringwheel unit,

flexible steering mechanism extending from an operators 'position onsaid unit to lsaid steering wheel unit, and means for controlling theaforesaid adjustment in elevation of the rear end of the bowl' framerelative to said supporting unit,

the flexibility of said steering mechanism being such as not tointerfere with such adjustment' in elevation, y

23. .An earth mover comprising the combination with an earth carrier, ofa steering unit, mechanism for supporting the Afront end of said learthcarrier on said steering unit, a supporting unit, 4an engine on saidlsupporting unit, a hy.-v

draulc pump connected to said engine for operation thereby, means4comprising hydraulic mo-` tor mechanism for supporting the rear 'end oi?y the earth carrier onv said supporting unit for adjustment in elevationrelative thereto, means for controlllngsaid hydraulic motor mechanism tosecure tilting ofthe earth .carrier on the horizontal axis of saidsteering unit, a rotatable gate withinl said. earth carrier, additionalhydraulic motor mechanism connected tothe gate -for ro tating the sameto open or close an opening in the front end portion of said earthcarrier, means for controlling said additional hydraulic motor.

mechanism to effect such rotation of said gate,

an ejector within said earth carrier, additional hydraulic motormechanism for operating said ejector, means comprising a cutting bladeat the bottom of said earth carrier for gathering material from'theground surface and scooping it into said carrier, and means for.controlling said last- I named hydraulic motor mechanism to eifectoperation of said ejector to eject gathered material 1 from the carrierthrough said opening whilesaid gate is open.v

24. An earth mover comprising the combination witha gathering bowlhaving an opening in its front side and gathering .mechanism comprisinga transverse cutting blade at its bottom, of a steering wheel unit,mechanism mounting thefront end of said gathering bowl on said steeringunit, a 'power traction unit comprising an axle housing, pushingmechanism extending `from the'rear end of said power traction unit tosaid axle housing, additional pushing mechanism between said axlehousing and said gathi ering bowl, means between said power traction-unit and said gathering bowl to elevate the latter for transportation,a gate in said bowl,.means .for operating said gate to gradually closesaid opening during the filling of said bowl and to operato ma unit, and:elector mechanismior opening duringthe spreada l for operating saidgate ga vto open emptyinf said bowlpdiirig the machine by'means of saidpower,-

material toward said ingoithematerial. A y .v 25. An earthmovercomprising the combinay1 uonwuha bowl-having. an opening m :sont ofgathering mechanism, of a vsteering'wheel unit, mechanisml mounting theiront .end of said bqwl 'on said steering unit, a power traction unitcomprising an axle housing, pushing mechanism connected to said axlehousing andextending reartionof ing wheel unit andthe sole-support forthe rear wardly therefrom, additional pushing mecha' nism connectedbetween said axle housing and said bowl, elevating mechanism between'said power traction-unit and said bo l, a gate for said opening, andmeans for actua said gate to control the v height of such openingfromthe ground surface when the 'bowl is being. emptied duringtransportation of the earth mover and.

thereby enable said gate to act as a strike-oft device to regulate thedepth .ofthe spread material.

, 26. An earth mover comprising the combina tion with a gathering bowlhaving abottom ground engaging cutting blade and an o'penIront side, ofa steering wheel unit, mechanism'supporting the front end of said bowlon said steering wheel unit, a power traction Yunit rearwardly of saidbowl andcomprising an housing,

supporting connections between the-rear side of said bowl and said powertraction unit compris-l ing pushing methanism extending forwardly fromsaid axle housing, saidsupporting connections also comprising means forthe elevation of the rear side f the bowl, steering said scraper bowlcomprising a pair oi lower. linksand a pair of upper linksexpansibleiluid-presend or the scraper bowl being-the iront end portion oi thesupporting unit and the said adjust'- able supporting mechanism, thescraper bowl oc v cumina the space between said steering unitand thefront end or said supporting unit.fand steel-:

ingfmechanism extending from an -operators station on said supportingunit along said scraper bowl to said steering wheel unit irrespective ofVthe adjusted position of the scraper bowl.

29. An earth mover comprising the combinationwith a steering wheel ,unit, of a scraper bowl having its iront end supported on said -steeringwheel unit, a. supporting unit rearwardly-of said scraper bowl, meansfor supporting the rear-end oi' said scraper bowl on the iront endportion of 'said supporting unitior tilting adjustment of the scraperbowl on the horizontal transverse axis of the steering wheel unit, andmeans for operating said steering wheel unit from said supporting unit,said meanscomprising steering mechanism extending 'from said supportingmeans along said Y scraper bowl to said steering wheel unit.

, 30. An earth mover comprising the combina-l tion with a steering wheelunit, of a scraper bowlv having its iront .end supported on saidsteering wheel unit, a Wheeled supporting unit, connections'between saidwheeled supporting unit. and

' sure motor mechanism between the upper links mechanism connectedto'sald steering wheel unit and operable from a stationl on said powertraction unit, pusher mechanism connected to said axle housing andextending rearwardly therefrom in position to be engaged by' a powertractor for addition tol said power traction unit when. said cuttingblade is to make a relatively deep cut'to iill said bowl, a gate .forcontrolling the extent of /penin'g in the iront side of said bowl, andmeans to gradually close the same during filling of the bowlandgradually.'

opening the same during emptying ofthe bowl for spreading of .thematerial, the nlling of the bowl being eiiected with'the'help oi thepowerV tractor, and transportation and materlalspreading being effectedby alone.

27. An earth mover comprising` the combination with an earth carrier, otsteering apparatus connected thereto, a power traction unit comprisingsupporting wheels, a push trame pivoted at its iorwardend to said powertraction unit and resilient-.ly suspended vfrom the latter to octhepower traction unit cupy a horizontal position, two pairs o f linksplv-jm.)A

- otally connected to said power traction unit and pivotally'connectedto said earth carrier'in positions to transmit pushing forces on saidcarrier when exerted by a tractor on, said push frame, and meanscomprising fluid-.pressure motor zontal axis of the steering apparatus.

28. An vearth mover comprising? the combination with a scraper bowl, ofa steering wheel unit for carrying the front end of' said scraper bowl,a supporting unit,` adjustable mechanismI between the rear end oi saidbowl and the iront en d o! said supporting unit for supporting the rearend or the scraper bowl' at various elevations relative mechanism fortilting said carrieron the hori-` andthe upper rear end portion of saidscraper bowl to eect tiltingl of the latter-on the horizontal transverseaxis of' the steering wheel unit, and mechanism for operating saidsteering wheell unit. said last-named mechanism extending .along I saidscraper bowl to said steering wheel unit.

31; An earth mover comprising the combination with a scraper bowl havingan open front, oi'an earth receiving plate extending rearwardly andupwardly, an ejector adapted to have its lower edge rest by gravity onsaid receiving plate,

a plurality of links connecting the scraper bowl to the back of theejector to coniine movement of .the latter forwardlyand downwardly whileits lower edg'e remains in scraping relation with said I ejector beinglimitedl by said links co-acting with the motor mechanism acting as linkmechanism.

32. An earth mover comprising the combination with a two wheelsupporting unit tiltable on the axis of the supporting wheels andcomprising n an axlevhousing, of ka horizontal pusher frame extendingrearwardly to a position to be engaged by a pushing tractor, a steeringunit, a scraper bowl, mechanism supporting the front end of said scraperbowl on said steering unit,- interlocking means comprising expansibleiiuid pres-v sure motor mechanism for supporting the rear end of saidbowl at various elevations on said supporting unit, 4said bowl beingtiltable on the .sole -tront end oi thescraper bowlbeing said steex'-

